For example, deploying each node of Tableau Server in its own virtual network or in different availability zones/zones are both supported. Step 3: Load Testing Reasons for doing this include wanting to run as few processes as possible on the node to limit processing requests on the node. By default Tableau Server installer configures the number of process instances based on the hardware on the machine. 
To create an HA installation, follow the same steps you take to create a distributed deployment but include additional steps to make the deployment highly available. It also describes how to architect, configure, and deploy on a variety of hardware. All rights reserved, Minimum hardware requirements for installation, Virtual Machines and Public Cloud Deployments, Two Node Installation - Specialized for flow environments. For more information, see Mission-critical reliability for high-availablity and disaster-recovery concepts and white papers. 
The first is eliminating single points of failure, so that the system can be robust to unexpected failures. These must include a second copy of the Tableau Server repository, and a second copy of the data engine and file store, as well as additional instances of the gateway. Having just a few, extremely large extracts could put your deployment in this category, as would having very many small extracts. Deployments where extracts are frequently refreshed, such as several times a day during business hours, should be isolated on specialized backgrounder nodes. Distributed installationThis type of installation is also called a multi-node installation and requires multiple computers so you can install and run server processes on those distributed nodes. When everyone in your company depends on data and analytics, you cant afford to let them down. Please note: If you are running Tableau Server version 2018.2 or more recent (with Tableau Services Manager), please see this version of the High Availability whitepaper with TSM.
A well-defined Disaster Recovery plan with regular testing will prepare you and your enterprise to act quickly and precisely during a disaster so there is minimal impact to your business. To build redundancy for the type of backgrounder jobs, have one of the nodes (initial node in this example) run all type of jobs. It is achieved by eliminating single points of failure, and having a reliable failover mechanism. Influences how often you restore your backups to an alternative cluster and the amount of infrastructure investment. If you are adding Tableau Prep Conductor to your Tableau Server installation, we recommend you add a second node and dedicate this to running Tableau Server Prep Conductor. For more information on failover, see Repository Failover . Regardless of your deployment size, Tableau Server provides you and your users with a consistent and reliable platform. Our licensing model supports redundant server components so youre only paying for production environments. Doing so with a multi-node cluster will put Tableau in a degraded state. Isolate backgrounder on the additional node. It also describes how to architect, configure, and deploy on a variety of hardware to ensure stability and reliability. Tableau Server requires at least one instance of Client File Service (CFS). Deploy a new Coordination Service ensemble. The example configuration described above does not include Tableau Prep Conductor since it is a single node server. Start with a two node configuration when the following conditions apply to you: Extract heavy environment: Majority of your data sources are extracts. Using these workload coefficients, you can estimate the clusters capacity. - Fast and Easy Visual Analysis with Tableau Software. Install Tableau Server on an additional node using the node bootstrap file. There are several factors that affect disk space requirements, including whether or not you will be publishing extracts, flows, and the number of workbooks to Tableau Server. If are using Tableau Prep Conductor to schedule and manage flows, and have an extract heavy environment, we recommend that you have at least 3 nodes and use the 3 node configuration described later in this topic.
Here are some instances when a single server installation may not be right for you: If your system is considered mission critical and needs to be highly available. For more information, see tsm topology set-node-role. Below is the number of instances of the processes for an 8 core machine: Backgrounder: Minimum 2, maximum 4. A 5-node Tableau Server HA deployment (note: Coordination Service and Client File Service are not explicitly shown). If you are installing Tableau Server in a virtual environment or a cloud-based deployment, see Virtual Machines and Public Cloud Deployments section later in this topic. In addition to Tableau Servers native high availability and disaster recovery capabilities, our support for external load balancers and swappable VM nodes means you can automate failover and minimize the effects of downtime. For example, on the node where it is dedicated to running backgrounder, initially, you can set the number of backgrounders to minimum (total number of cores divided by four), and increase the number of backgrounder processes later if you find that: Extract refreshes are taking a long time to complete, Subscriptions and alerts are not completing on time. For more information about initial node failure, see If an initial node fails below. Redundancy and automatic failover of our Data Repository means there are no single points of failure for a cluster. 2003-2022 Tableau Software, LLC, a Salesforce Company. To calculate the minimum number of backgrounder processes to run on this node, divide the computers total number of physical cores by 4. Users and decision makers have come to depend on immediate access to data and self-service tools to answer their questions in real time and rely on these systems daily. A well-executed Tableau Server deployment consists of 5 essential steps: Index and Search Server across all the three nodes. Configuring a Coordination Service on multiple nodes provides additional duplication of processes and so reduces the possibility of server downtime due to an issue with one of the Coordination Service nodes. One instance of Interactive Microservice Container is installed on a node that has Application Server enabled, and one instance of Non-Interactive Microservice Container is installed on a node that has Backgrounder enabled. But you can utilise hot topology to responsively adjust Tableau Server process allocation, allowing you to tune the balance of machine costs and capacity needs. We know that failures happen in real life and the best way to protect against these failures is to ensure redundancy in the system. With a simple restart of the server, you can also change the underlying machines supporting the platform as long as their public IP address does not change. The second is detecting when there are failures and triggering reliable failover mechanisms as necessary. For example, assuming a correctly-sized hardware configuration for the initial deployment, unplanned user onboarding, unmonitored utilisation, inefficient workbooks, suboptimal data extract design and peak-hour refresh schedules can have a major impact on server performance and user experience, causing performance to degrade from the cumulative effect of the separate incidents. Backgrounders run all types of jobs by default.
Our customers confidence in the security of our solutions is paramount. Follow the pattern below to build your HA cluster: A 3-node Tableau Server HA deployment (note: Coordination Service and Client File Service are not explicitly shown). All rights reserved, Tableau Server high availability white paper, Measurement of Tableau user engagement and adoption, Google Compute Engine virtual machine type and size (, Microsoft Azure virtual machine type and size (, Alibaba Cloud ECS instance type and size (, Install the initial node and allow the architecture-aware smart installer to configure processes (, Replicate the process configuration on other VizQL nodes, ensuring redundancy (, Add Coordination Service Ensemble and Client File Service (. If cost is a consideration, virtual hardware is also viable. All other processes, only one instance of the process is installed, regardless of hardware. Today, more than ever, self-service analytics and data-driven decision-making are becoming the norm in organizations worldwide. This reliance on data requires a high degree of availability and stability of the underlying systems. You cannot use a trial license key for a distributed Tableau Server installation. Alerts, Monitoring, and Tuning, Distributed Environments Thats why Tableau is designed to meet your most stringent SLAs. This whitepaper provides a deep dive into Tableaus architecture and how it scales with increasing workloads. For example, for AWS installations, the 4 core minimum recommendation is equivalent of 8 AWS vCPUs. Taking a snapshot of a Tableau Server machine and restoring on a new machine is not supported. For more information see Disk Space Requirements.
For more information, see tsmconfiguration set Options. If there is a problem with the initial node, Tableau Server may not continue to function, even when configured for high availability. This provides redundancy and improved availability in the event that one instance of the Coordination Service has problems. You can add instances of other processes, including multiple instances of a process on a node. (This experiment was conducted in AWS, but the testing theory extends to any cloud provider.). We recommend testing your own infrastructure to find the configuration that best fits your needs. Tableau Server scales nearly linearly with the addition of hardware resources, according to your unique environment, data, workload and usage mix. With an HA installation, there is built-in redundancy of those key processes, including multiple File Stores, and automatic Repository failover. However, separating your environment could come at the expense of increased latency across the system. Choose just the right amount of redundancy to fulfill your business SLAs and sleep well at night knowing you have the most reliable enterprise analytics platform on the market. For server installations of three or more nodes, we recommend that you add additional instances of the Coordination Service by deploying a new Coordination Service ensemble. Please note: If you are running Tableau Server from version 10 to version 2018.1 (without Tableau Services Manager), please see the High Availability Whitepaper for Tableau 10. For more information, see Configure the additional node. We recommend that you keep the default configuration as your starting point. To build in redundancy, you need to add additional nodes to host instances of the repository and File Store/Data Engine processes. Two Node Installation - Specialized for extract heavy environments. The goal is to minimize system downtime by eliminating single points of failure, and enabling detection of failures with failover where possible. He has worked for Fortune 500 companies as well as small businesses, helping them understand their vast data troves. When you install the backgrounder, Tableau Server automatically installs one instance of the Data Engine. Use the tsm topology set-node-role tsm configuration to configure this setting. It also demonstrates how the performance of Tableau Server 10 compares with earlier versions. Step 5: Maintaining & Monitoring. Scalability and performance are heavily dependent on external systems, such as sources of data, volume of data, network speeds, user workloads and workbook design, which can change rapidly as deployments progress.
To see when the last licensing check occurred, look at the log files in the ProgramData\Tableau\Tableau Server\data\tabsvc\logs\licenseservice folder. For systems that have high availability requirements, you need a multi-node environment that has at least three nodes. The diagram below illustrates how to plan for a range of RTO requirements: These baseline configurations may not be enough as your needs change and grow, and you might need to scale your Tableau Server beyond these configurations. High availability is natively supported on server clusters with three or more nodes; each node contributes to the quorum, and the group helps verify each others health. The tolerance for downtime will vary for each organization and depends on the SLAs you have established in your organization. This topic describes three baseline architectures that can be used as starting points for your Tableau Server installations. Note: One instance of Tableau Prep Conductor is automatically configured with Backgrounder, when you have the Data Management Product Key activated on your server. Adding additional instances of CFS to other nodes provides additional duplication of processes and so reduces the possibility of server downtime due to an issue with one of the CFS nodes. However, scalability and performance are heavily dependent on external systems and user activity. Once a licensed process has received confirmation from the License Manager, the process does not need to reconfirm the license for 72 hours, or until the process restarts. Backgrounder, Cache Server, and Data Server: Set to 2 instances. All other processes, only one instance of the process is installed, regardless of hardware. Stand-alone single server node with all the processes installed on one machine. When the License Manager validates the license, the process is fully functional and able to respond to requests from other Tableau Server processes. The need for specialised nodes evolves over time. Active/Passive Repository across two nodes. Adding an external load balancer to make sure your installation is robust to Gateway failures and make sure that requests only get routed to functioning Gateway processes. Step 4: Scaling to Meet Demand The subset of Tableau Server that require a valid Tableau Server license are considered "licensed processes.". These additional steps include adding at least two additional nodes (for a minimum of three nodes in the cluster), adding a second instance of the repository, and second instances of the data engine/file store, adding additional gateway processes, and deploying a Coordination Service ensemble.
Eric is a principal business intelligence consultant for InterWorks. This is true even when an installation is configured for high availability.
This white paper aims to provide guidance and best practices for mission-critical deployments, placing emphasis on high availability, performance, scalability and governance. The repository has also been moved from the initial node to one of the additional nodes, and a second, passive instance has been added to the other new node. While HA configurations reduce downtime, you may still encounter failures in case of a disaster or hardware failures. Starting in 2019.3, you can deploy Tableau Server Repository to Amazon Relational Database Service (RDS). Frequent extract refreshes: Refreshing an extract is a CPU-intensive task. At a high level, these are the steps you follow to create a highly available installation of Tableau Server: Install Tableau Server on at least two additional nodes using the node bootstrap file. If not configured to use ATR, Tableau Server can continue to run for up to 72 hours after an initial node failure, before the lack of the licensing service impacts other processes. Memory should be at least 8 GB of RAM per core for a production server. The type of license you have may determine how many nodes you can install Tableau on. It also describes how to architect, configure, and deploy on a variety of hardware to ensure stability and reliability.
Depending on how your installation was configured with CFS and Coordination Service, you may also need to take steps to redeploy these. In both new and existing deployment scenarios, the goal is to proactively maintain sufficient availability, capacity and headroom and minimise resource contention. While this whitepaper cannot detail all of the possible variations encountered during the planning and implementation of a Tableau deployment, additional resources and information are highlighted after each section for more in-depth reading. One instance of Ask Data is automatically configured on the node that has Data Server. For more information, see Deploy a Coordination Service Ensemble . We recommend that you configure an instance of CFS on each of the nodes where you deploy the Coordination Service. That is why we have built Tableau Server with high availability out of the box and made it easy to configure and setup. Review the corresponding link to the hardware platform that fits your enterprise standards: If you deploy Tableau Server in the cloud, using dedicated hardware and static allocation of RAM eliminates varied performance due to resource contention. Tableau Server can be installed on-premises with physical or virtual machines or in the cloud and supports Windows or Linux operating systems. Tableau Server includes a script that automates moving these processes to one of your other existing nodes so you can get complete access back to TSM and keep Tableau Server running. If so, your users may be able to continue to sign in and see and use their content after the initial node fails, but you will not be able to reconfigure Tableau Server because you won't have access to the Administration Controller. Users may favour the QA environment to circumvent stringent policies or delays to get content into production, so work towards a good balance by automating content migration to the production server with the Content Migration Tool found in the Tableau Server Management Add-on or custom workflow scripts using Tableaus REST APIs. To determine your hardware platform and sizing, consider these variables: your environment, sources of data and management to provide self-service data access, potential workload from all users and actual usage data. You might also remove licensed Tableau Server processes from the node if you have a core-based license and do not want the initial node cores to count against your core use. Note: If you have both a heavy extract environment, and schedule and manage flows on your server, we recommend that you use the 3 node configuration described below. We also realize there will always be events that threaten the availability of business intelligence systems, whether related to hardware, software, networks, or even human error. With the right configuration, a distributed installation can also provide you with automatic repository failover. It only takes 15 seconds to fill out. This whitepaper outlines High Availability in Tableau Server 2018.2 with Tableau Services Manager. This whitepaper outlines the high-availability and disaster-recovery features in Tableau Server 10.
If you need a system that is highly available, see High Availability Installations (HA). Similarly, follow the best practices provided by your virtual infrastructure provider to make sure Tableau Server has access to the appropriate compute, memory, and data resources. However you may not have enough information about these variables when you deploy Tableau Server for the first time. If the process is not able to verify that it is licensed (if the primary node is unavailable, for example) it cannot run, but it continues to check for a valid license until it confirms the license. All Rights Reserved, High Availability for Tableau Server 10 whitepaper. Tableau Server does not support deploying a multi-node cluster across different regions. For existing deployments, you will analyse Tableau Server data to evaluate workload and usage in addition to environment and sources of data. All Rights Reserved, Principal Business Intelligence Consultant, InterWorks, By submitting this form, you acknowledge and agree that your personal data may be transferred to, stored, and processed on servers located outside of the People's Republic of China and that your personal data will be processed by Salesforce in accordance with the, By submitting this form, you confirm that you agree to the storing and processing of your personal data by Salesforce as described in the, Tableau Your Data! You must have a valid Tableau Server product key. as well as a contributing author to Tableau Your Data! These are the general steps you follow to create a distributed installation of Tableau Server: Begin by installing Tableau Server on your initial node. Index and Search Server: Index and Search Server memory can be configured to improve performance by using the indexandsearchserver.vmopts TSM configuration option. Configure your additional node with the processes you want to run on it. For more information, see Add a Load Balancer. - Fast and Easy Visual Analysis with Tableau Software. With a Tableau Server installation, the initial node includes two services that are only installed on that node, the License service, and the TSMController. HA in Tableau Server is mainly achieved by: File redundancy with multiple File Store/Data Engine instances. If this is a requirement for your organisation, each of the three environments must be licensed separately, as they would be considered three production environments as defined in Tableau's End User Licence Agreement. Note: Active users represent the interactive, concurrent requests made to Tableau Server, including consuming dashboards on a laptop or mobile device, web authoring, and connecting to and querying Published Data Sources. All rights reserved, Install and initialize an additional node, Example:Install and Configure a Three-Node HA Cluster. To calculate the maximum number, divide the computer's total physical cores by 2. On the initial node, install all the processes. When planning for disaster recovery (DR) in your Tableau environment, there are two main factors to consider: Recovery Time Objective (RTO), a measure of how much downtime your business can accept before a full recovery. 2003-2022 Tableau Software LLC. For details on how to create a three-node HA installation, see Example:Install and Configure a Three-Node HA Cluster. Note: All nodes in a multi-node cluster must have the same type of operating system. Eric has been a key presenter at numerous conferences and lectures on the subjects of data visualization and the impact of Tableau in the enterprise. You should install and configure Tableau based on your availability requirements and add additional nodes for capacity and/or forhighavailability (Windows | Linux). Brad Fair and Eric Shiarla from InterWorks and Mike Roberts from Pluralsight bring a comprehensive understanding of the hardware, networking and integration requirements of enterprise customers, they provide a road map for Tableau Server planning and implementation. Typically 2 vCPUs = 1 physical core for Tableau Server. The configuration of your Tableau Server can be different depending on your requirements and variables: For more information on Tableau Server scalability and the variables affecting scalability, see Tableau Server Scalability whitepaper. Tableau Server is easy to install and configure yet has many features that can add complexity to deployments.
Index and Search Server memory is added to all three nodes for redundancy and can be configured to improve performance by using the indexandsearchserver.vmopts TSM configuration option. This is only a starting point and should not be considered a hard sizing rule beyond the initial deployment. Index and Search Server : Index and Search Server memory can be configured to improve performance by using the indexandsearchserver.vmopts TSM configuration option. Based out of Chicago, he manages a team of consultants that are actively involved in some of the largest Tableau deployments in the world.
In an initial deployment of Tableau, you should estimate 600-800 Explorers per 8-core node, assuming 10% active users (interactive, concurrent requests made to Tableau Server, including consuming dashboards on a laptop or mobile device, web authoring, and connecting to and querying published data sources). Determining the topology (number of nodes, number of Tableau Server processes) of your Tableau Server deployment requires you to consider these variables: your environment, sources of data and management to provide self-service data access, workload, and usage. Three processes run only on the initial node and cannot be moved to any other node except in a failure situation, the License Service (License Manager), Activation Service, and TSM Controller (Administration Controller). Load testing and capacity planning should be conducted regularly, as outlined in Tableau maintenance. 2003-2022 Tableau Software, LLC, a Salesforce Company. When deploying Tableau Server in the cloud, you can leverage all existing scaling abilities of the Tableau platform including hot topology. The RPO, a measure of how much data loss your business can tolerate, influences how often you will need to take backups of your system.
Dashboards and views may load more slowly than expected, and timeouts are possible, depending on how your system is configured and being used. When things go wrong, being able to quickly restore to the most recent backup is critical. You do not have to configure a standby initial node in case the initial node fails. - Fast and Easy Visual Analysis with Tableau Software. Tableau is in compliance with Sarbanes-Oxley and has worked with a certified public accounting firm to perform an in-depth audit of the control objectives and activities for Tableau Cloud.
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