Monitoring and Evaluating Urban Development Programs, A Handbook for Program Managers and Researchers. Good Design Has Five Components. 4. In Mexico, for example, the Second Decentralization and Regional Development Project plans to incorporate monitoring of implementation into its regular management procedures. Such comparisons may depend on the maintenance of national systems of vital statistics, or national surveys. This type of leading indicator has the twin benefits of consultation with stakeholders and advance warning of problems that might arise. Special studies may be more manageable by a project unit directly, or subcontracted to a university or consultants. The Science of Time Travel: The Secrets Behind Time Machines, Time Loops, Alternate Realities, and More! With the aid of the same health workers, we can also build the communitys capacity to continue accessing voluntary family planning at local pharmacies and health care centers.Furthermore, the program can be scaled up and expanded to other villages and regions within the country.The toolkit describes how to make programs sustainable and scalable and provides several successful examples as well. World Bank Technical Paper no 53. Report No. They are time-consuming and require substantial talent in communication and negotiation between planners and participants. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. The results will show that there is a high prevalence of malaria and low use of ITNs.We can also conduct a needs assessment by selecting a few homes in a village and interviewing some community members within the selected homes. It involves looking at the information you gather from monitoring and making decisions based on it (e.g., do we need to adjust schedules or fast track certain processes to meet deadlines?). Good design has five components: 1. Data collection Project field records. Evaluate the extent to which the project is able to achieve its general objectives. The first example involves evaluating the impact of a family planning program in a rural village in West Africa.The goal is to increase knowledge of contraceptives, fertility preferences (preferences for limiting and spacing births, modern contraceptive use and parity) and modern contraceptive use. Companies waste an average of 11.4% of their investment on projects due to poor performance. Good M&E should develop the capacity of the borrower and build on existing systems. One possible study design we use is the quasi-experimental design where we choose a control village early on. : How to Move Forward When We're Divided (About Basically Everything), High Conflict: Why We Get Trapped and How We Get Out, World War C: Lessons from the Covid-19 Pandemic and How to Prepare for the Next One, Second Nature: Scenes from a World Remade, Test Gods: Virgin Galactic and the Making of a Modern Astronaut, A Brief History of Motion: From the Wheel, to the Car, to What Comes Next, The Metaverse: And How It Will Revolutionize Everything, An Ugly Truth: Inside Facebooks Battle for Domination, System Error: Where Big Tech Went Wrong and How We Can Reboot, The Wires of War: Technology and the Global Struggle for Power, The Quiet Zone: Unraveling the Mystery of a Town Suspended in Silence. Collecting Data and Managing Project Records. Clear statements of measurable objectives for the project and its components, for which indicators can be defined. To give the comparability needed for evaluation, study proposals should explain and justify the proposed approach and ensure consistency in methods. Project evaluation is the control part of the monitoring and control phase. Bamberger, Michael and Hewitt, Eleanor. The first step is to create a process for how you will monitor and evaluate your projects. Use our incident management template to record any incidents and how you addressed them. Ownership brings accountability. In order to determine if we are implementing the program as planned, we collect indicators of output and outcome monitoring.Indicators of output monitoring for our FP program of interest include:Number of first visits madeNumber of follow-up visitsTypes and numbers of contraceptives distributedAn indicator for outcome monitoring is change in percentage of contraceptive users over time.The toolkit has some excellent indicator guides for FP programs.Indicators: fertility preferences (preferences for limiting and spacing births, modern contraceptive use and parity), In order to determine if the FP intervention we conducted actually made a difference in contraceptive use, we conduct an outcome evaluation. Objectives should be specific to the project interventions, realistic in the timeframe for their implementation, and measurable for evaluation. (Some writers also refer to a further class of outcome indicators, more specific to project activities than impact indicators, which may be sectoral statistics, and deal more with the direct effect of project outputs on beneficiaries.) Monitoring and Evaluation In such circumstances sound design is especially important, with monitoring information providing a clear input to management decision making and, often, an emphasis on the early gains to be had from monitoring and on institutional procedures that encourage the use of monitoring data to trigger further implementation decisions. The project has no specific monitoring and evaluation unit. In order to determine what interventions could possibly work in this situation, we review other programs, collaborate with more experienced programs and staff, even maybe plan a pilot project.The toolkit has some great resources to learn about existing successful malaria interventions, such as on the Roll Back Malaria website referenced in our toolkit.In this example, we could design an intervention in our district of interest. Heres some framework and steps you can follow to get started.
The key indicators however, might be just the number of wells successfully completed and their average costs and flow rates. See our User Agreement and Privacy Policy. Also, the community members are empowered to access ITNs and use them effectively.The program can also be scaled up to other districts and regions within the country thus benefiting a larger audience.The toolkit has descriptions and examples of how programs can be sustained and scaled up to new areas. Other leading indicators can be identified to give early warning about key assumptions that affect impact. 4, November 1994. It breaks down the process into several levels of evaluation. Table 1-1 explains the various types of evaluation and when they are performed (Monitoring and Evaluating Urban Development Programs, A Handbook for Program Managers and Researchers). Indicators of inputs and processes will come from project management records originating from field sites. A reliable flow of information during implementation enables managers to keep track of progress and adjust operations to take account of experience (OED). Clipping is a handy way to collect important slides you want to go back to later. Activate your 30 day free trialto continue reading. Lusaka, Zambia, World Bank. In the project plan, proposals to collect data for studies should include a discussion of: the objectives of the study or survey; the source of data; choices and proposed method of collection; and likely reliability of the data. If this is left to the researchers, the studies may tend to be too academic and not as useful to project management. Lessons learned in using process tracing for evaluation.
4. Click here to read M Booths story and access the template they now use to monitor everything in one place. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. We are about to begin a Q&A session for this webinar but I want to let you know about a 3-day online forum that is has begun today. In-service teams would be functioning, with augmented staff and equipment, providing support for planning and management, teacher in-service training, development of learning materials, and program evaluation. Project monitoring is the process of keeping a close eye on the entire project management life cycle and ensuring project activities are on the right track. Then, we have program staff do follow-up visits to ensure that the ITN is installed correctly and teach villagers on how to reapply the insecticide. 3. 5. What were some of the setbacks? and the distribution of the benefits between different groups, and can evaluate the cost-effectiveness of the project as compared with other options (Bamberger 1). Exogenous indicators are those that cover factors outside the control of the project but which might affect its outcome, including risks (parameters identified during economic, social, or technical analysis, that might compromise project benefits); and the performance of the sector in which the project operates. 
We visit all homes, identify pregnant women and children <14 years and provide them with vouchers for ITNs. Impact refers to medium or long-term developmental change. Their team was copying and pasting information from Basecamp into a spreadsheet to see everything in one place. Institutional arrangements; capacity building. 
Not every project goes according to plan. This Handbook provides guidance on all stages of the design and implementation of a monitoring and evaluation system and presents the main options with respect to scope, key research issues and organization. Figure 1-1 is a framework for project monitoring and evaluation from the World Bank technical paper: Monitoring and Evaluating Urban Development Programs, A Handbook for Program Managers and Researchers. In reality, a typical project consists of many moving parts that must work together to meet deadlines. In a perfect world, all of your projects would go according to plan. In this way, field staff can see how averages or totals for specific villages or districts enable comparisons to be drawn and fieldwork improved. Early indications of impact may be obtained by surveying beneficiaries' perceptions about project services. It means: upgrading skills in monitoring and evaluation, which include project analysis, design of indicators and reporting systems, socioeconomic data collection, and information management; improving procedures, to create functional systems that seek out and use information for decisions; and strengthening organizations to develop skilled staff in appropriate positions, accountable for their actions. Participatory methods of data collection can bring new insights into peoples needs for project planning and implementation, but are no less demanding on skills than questionnaire surveys. Identify potential problems at an early stage and propose possible solutions. A recent example of a grain storage project in Myanmar demonstrates the importance of monitoring risk indicators. Types of Evaluation (chart) Reducing dropout and improving learning achievement: School/community organizations would be fully functional for at least half the schools, and dropout rates would be reduced to less than 10 percent. Blockchain + AI + Crypto Economics Are We Creating a Code Tsunami? A project can be divided into five phases: Initiating, Planning, Executing, Closing, and Monitoring and Control. The complexity and extent of the studies can be adapted to fit the program needs. Evaluating why a project is heading off course allows time for intervention. Awareness is growing that participation by project beneficiaries in design and implementation brings greater ownership of project objectives and encourages the sustainability of project benefits. This also ensure that the quality of the program is maintained.The toolkit has several resources for monitoring malaria program, such as Indicator guides for malaria programs, References on how to conduct routine monitoring as well as impact evaluation. You can easily customize the template and create a tailored plan that fits your workflow. SlideShare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Well also give you an actionable template you can customize and put what youve learned into practice. Thank you for joining us today. Once we have decided on the intervention we will roll out, we develop a logic model that outlines all the steps between inputs and outcomes. Lets take a closer look at each of these phases: Project monitoring is the monitoring part of the monitoring and control phase. The results of this needs assessment would show that there is a limited use of ITNs due to lack of knowledge and high cost of ITNs.The toolkit outlines examples of other potential data sources that can be used to identify a health problem within a specified region and also states the strengths and limitations of each of the data sources. Annual plans are to be prepared for each component, including an element of institutional development, and these will form the basis of annual monitoring.
The evaluation process happens throughout the project not just after project objectives are met. Examples of beneficiary perceptions: proportion of farmers who have tried a new variety of seed and intend to use it again; percentage of women satisfied with the maternity health care they receive. The database will produce the reports required for the project approval procedures, giving an incentive to field staff to use the system. The potential beneficiaries were not participating due to the inadequacy of the loan size for their needs. Using Most Significant Change in a Mixed-Methods Evaluation in Uganda, Lessons Learned In Using the Most Significant Change Technique in Evaluation. Projects are designed to further long-term sectoral goals, but their immediate objectives, at least, should be readily measurable. Examples: Kilometers of all-weather highway completed by the end of September; percentage of farmers attending a crop demonstration site before fertilizer top-dressing; number of teachers trained in textbook use; cost per kilometer of road construction; crop yield per hectare; ratio of textbooks to pupils; time taken to process a credit application; number of demonstrations managed per extension worker; steps in the process of establishing water users' associations. How Monitoring and Evaluation Findings Can Be Fed Back into Decision Making. Liftoff: Elon Musk and the Desperate Early Days That Launched SpaceX, Bitcoin Billionaires: A True Story of Genius, Betrayal, and Redemption, The Players Ball: A Genius, a Con Man, and the Secret History of the Internet's Rise, Driven: The Race to Create the Autonomous Car, Lean Out: The Truth About Women, Power, and the Workplace, A World Without Work: Technology, Automation, and How We Should Respond. Everything would be completed on time and within budget. APIdays Paris 2019 - Innovation @ scale, APIs as Digital Factories' New Machi Mammalian Brain Chemistry Explains Everything. Monitoring: This type of evaluation is performed while a project is being implemented, with the aim of improving the project design and functioning while in action. Use this project tracker template to monitor projects and get a high-level view of where everything stands all from one place. Lets take a closer look at these two concepts. One is that the borrowers sense of ownership of the project provides a stimulus to transparent management and good information about progress. For example, during construction of village tubewells, project managers will need to keep records about the materials purchased and consumed, the labor force employed and their contracting details, the specific screen and pump fitted, the depth at which water was found, and the flow rate. Looks like youve clipped this slide to already. 3. Provisions for collecting data and managing project records so that the data required for indicators are compatible with existing statistics, and are available at reasonable cost. This can be done by ensuring that the local government continues the voucher program. Thus, for example, a health project might be designed to further the sectoral goals of a reduction in child mortality and incidence of infectious diseases, but have an immediate, measurable objective of providing more equitable access to health services. Project monitoring is all about comparing actual performance to the goals you set. Program Planning, Before data from such sources are chosen as indicators of project impact the designer needs to confirm that the data systems are in place and reliable and that the data are valid for the administrative area in question and for any control areas. Process indicators measure what happens during implementation. Relevant analysis from project and policy evaluation can highlight the outcomes of previous interventions, and the strengths and weaknesses of their implementation. 
Instead, a narrow focus on input and process indicators missed the fundamental change in the assumptions behind the project. Now customize the name of a clipboard to store your clips. Heres a quick glance of a project report created in monday.com: If a project didnt meet the deadline, dig deeper to find out why. Evaluators observe the intervention group multiple times before and after the intervention and analyze trends before and after.Impact evaluationCan be conducted a few years after the end of the programNeed to measure attribution of change to the intervention taking into account all other changes/interventions that might have occurred during the same periodCan use existing data sources, such as large surveys. Worst case, you gain valuable insights that you can use to improve future workflows. Data comparability. Some desired indicators of impact, such as mortality rates, school attendance, or household income attributable to a project, may involve comparisons with the situation before the project, or in areas not covered by the project. Bamberger describes evaluation as mainly used to help in the selection and design of future projects. Design a community outreach program where health workers visit homes and address the contraceptive needs of familiesBefore carrying out the full-fledged intervention, the intervention is carried out in a neighborhood of the village as a pilot project. The other is that often borrowers doubt the value of adopting what may be costly and time consuming procedures to collect, analyze, and report information. Enrollment disparities by gender and caste would be reduced to less than 5 percent. The findings can also be shared with others through mass media, research literature and the internet. But project issues are also perfect learning opportunities to identify where things in the project plan started to go awry. Two factors are important here. These stakeholders includeCommunity members and village leadersLocal government and district officialsExperts in the fieldDonors and policy makersThe toolkit describes a logic model and has a checklist of the important components within a PMP plan for malaria program prevention. Monitor the accessibility of the project to all sectors of the target population. Measures of change often involve complex statistics about economic or social welfare and depend on data that are gathered from beneficiaries. The last thing you want is to work with outdated information, which is exactly the kind of issue that M Booth, a digital PR agency in New York City, experienced. How to write a killer project plan in 6 simple steps, The complete guide to portfolio management in 2022, Find the right project management frameworkfor your team, Tel Aviv University and monday.com organize a successful hackathon, How to start using Canvas LMS with monday.com, Best use of project management tracker and templates, Task boards: what they are and how to master them. Project monitoring and evaluation enables you to make better decisions about ongoing and future projects. Show need for mid-course corrections.
If the special studies are to make comparisons with data from other surveys it is vital that the same methods be used for data collection (see below). 15222, December 1995. Market research information is an example of a leading indicator of beneficiary perceptions that can act as a proxy for later, substantive impact. This is why every project needs to have a system in place to monitor and evaluate its progress. Just making one change can have a huge impact on future projects. Was the project delivered on time? A structured set of indicators, covering outputs of goods and services generated by the project and their impact on beneficiaries. Presented by Laili Irani, Senior Policy Analyst for the Population Reference Bureau, as part of the Measuring Success Toolkit webinar in September 2012. Monitoring and Evaluation: What Can They Do for Me? Start with the following steps: Whether youre managing a construction project or launching a new product, you need a real-time view of whats happening to monitor your projects and make informed decisions. In projects where operating performance standards are quoted as an objective, or where decentralized processes call for localized capacity to plan and manage work programs and budgets, designers will need to describe how and when M&E findings will be used to shape work plans and contribute to program or policy development. Managing missing values in routinely reported data: One approach from the Dem Use of Routine Data for Economic Evaluations, Routine data use in evaluation: practical guidance, Tuberculosis/HIV Mobility Study: Objectives and Background. Once the evaluation results show that our FP program was successful, we can make the FP program sustainable by ensuring that the local government continues the community outreach program. 
The lessons learned by getting feedback from the health workers and community members is used to improve upon the project design and is expanded to the entire village. Output indicators show the immediate physical and financial outputs of the project: physical quantities, organizational strengthening, initial flows of services. There may also be more in-depth evaluations at big milestones, like the retrospective at the end of a sprint. Heres an example of how the team at monday.com monitors and manages project implementation in real-time: Monitoring performance in real-time enables you to track each team members progress and allocate resources accordingly. If anyone on your team runs into a similar issue for future projects, they can refer to the board for a solution. Operations Evaluation Department, World Bank, Building Evaluation Capacity, Lessons & Practices No. It involves measuring project-related details (e.g., budgets, schedules, scope, etc.) Abeyrama, Tilakasena and Weber, Karl E. Studies on Human Settlements Development in Asia HSD Wrking Paper, 25 (Bangkok: Division of Human Settlements Development, Asian Institute of Technology, 1988). Problems such as these can invalidate any comparison intended to show changing performance. Check the source www.HelpWriting.net This site is really helped me out gave me relief from headaches. Instead, each management sub-unit responsible for technical oversight of a component is responsible for ensuring the quality and timeliness of data collection, and for producing and analyzing reports. The emergence of recorded benefits early on helps reinforce ownership, and early warning of emerging problems allows action to be taken before costs rise. But you need to collect the right data and assess the results to find the answers. Project monitoring and evaluation is used to measure a projects progress. You need to make it a point to check if youre actually meeting them. Such evidence - market research - may be available sooner and more easily than statistics of impact such as changes in health status or improvements in income. In order to conduct an outcome evaluation for our malaria program, we can use a time series design. Examples of impact: (health) incidence of low birth weight, percentage of women who are moderately or severely anemic; (education) continuation rates from primary to secondary education by sex, proportion of girls completing secondary education; (forestry) percent decrease in area harvested, percent increase in household income through sales of wood and non-wood products. Proposals for the ways in which M&E findings will be fed back into decision making. It will1. Evaluation studies can assess the extent to which the project produced the intended impacts (increases in income, better housing quality, etc.) (Washington, D.C.: 1986) Copyright 1999-2001, The World Bank Group. It also has a list of indicators that will be collected and analyzed.The toolkit has a great compendium of good FP indicators.In all these steps and processes, it is important to engage stakeholders in every step of the program planning and implementation as well as monitoring and evaluation. These questions describe the steps that are used when conducting an evaluation plan.For our particular question of interest, if there is a recent demographic and health survey from the country, data from the rural area could show that there is low contraceptive prevalence, knowledge, and attitudes (as well as limited exposure to media and other potential intervention strategies)The Toolkit outlines examples of other potential population based surveys and their strengths and limitations.For our example, Data from a pre-existing formative research would also show that there is low prevalence of contraceptive use.
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