The Superficial Dorsal Line (SDL) in green, the Front Limb Retraction Line (FLRL) in pink and the Front Limb Protraction Line (FLPL) in yellow. Huijing PA, Baan GC, Rebel GT. As complex as this series of events may seem, it is happening millions and millions of times every minute in your body. Busquet L. Les chanes musculaires. 3. 31. It will pop into your fingers when the head is turned to the same side against resistance. Thus, problems in any of these curves may create undue stress anywhere along that line. The internal oblique is one possible avenue, but often this pattern is buried in the crural section of the diaphragm, quadratus lumborum, or mediastinal structures (Fig. Myers T Fans of the hip joint. 124 CHAPTER 7 124 The Arm Lines Trapezius Subscapularis Subscapularis Supraspinatus Supraspinatus Infraspinatus Teres minor Infraspinatus A Rhomboideus major and minor Teres major Fig. : Both the Triangle and Reverse Triangle pose of yoga stretch the BFL on the side of the hand reaching for the ground (see Fig. This allows for much smoother movement, but only in the movements where we know what is going to happen and can thus prepare. Step 4 A treatment strategy for this person would involve dealing with the frontback issues to some degree before tackling the main issue of the rib shift and tilt. The temporalis has only a mechanical connection with the rest of the line through the mandible, pulling straight up on the coronoid process of the mandible from a broad attachment on the temporal bone. 2004;30:11731183. The sternalis, however, is an anomalous, capricious and surface muscle, though it is often expressed fascially even when it is not expressed muscularly. From here it runs distally on the hind limb, surrounds the hock through the peroneus muscle and turns proximally in the deep part of the biceps femoris muscle. 2.4). In the example of the military or compensated oral postural preference, the SBL (or some portion of it) is locked short like a bowstring (Fig. In the push-off phase from the left foot, with the right foot forward between heel strike and weight acceptance, the sacrotuberous ligament on the right side, linked by stretched and tensed fascia to the right heel, prevents excess nutation of the sacrum, while the long dorsal sacroiliac ligament on the left side prevents excessive sacral counternutation as the front of the left pelvis is pulled into flexion. For years I observed these bubbles between the skin and the fascia profundis and in other areolar tissue, but dismissed them as artifacts of either the dying process or being exposed to the air.
An interesting stretch for the ITTabductor portion of the line is to stand with one foot placed in front of and outside the other. 334 APPENDIX 3 334 Structural Integration A B C Anterior upper Deep Front Line Posterior Middle upper upper DFL DFL Fig. Watch the motion, and observe where there are dead spots places where the motion is stifled and does not pass through. In fact the tendon of the lateral hamstring, the biceps femoris, can actually be separated in dissection and traced up to the sacrum. Salguero CP. Although the concept can clearly be seen in the early attempt by Vesalius, notice that in his conception the veins and arteries do not join with each other it would take another two centuries for William Harvey to discover capillaries and the closed nature of the circulatory net. In the upper body, the Lateral Lines alternate in shortening on the weighted side to keep the torso from falling away from the weighted leg. Because of the competing tugs on these roundhouses, which are often bony Polyarticular muscles (crossing more than one joint) abound on the bodys surface.
How could supposedly inert intercellular elements change in response to demand? 2.5B). Paoli, PA: Myofascial Release Seminars; 1990.
primalpictures.com.) Cells Fibroblasts Connective tissue as a whole has the widest variety of cell types, but many of these are the bodys wanderers: blood cells, red and white (erythrocytes and leucocytes).
10.30 we can see that the pelvis is rotated to the right and will therefore encourage the spine and head to the same direction. This is further enhanced by the contralateral arm swing. 2012;3:18. Athletics Space allows for only a few examples of the exertion and stability required across the world of sport. A1.22). Thai Massage Workbook: Basic and Advanced Course. As Evelyn Waugh wrote: Humility is not a virtue propitious to the artist. Releasing the lines is an extra tool in the treatment toolbox, which often in turn releases secondary and compensatory tensions. A Leg to Stand on. B, Reproduced with kind permission from Ronald Thompson; this and other graphics are available and explained in Fascial Tensegrity, available from www.anatomytrains.com. Morrison M. A Structural Vocabulary. New York: Thieme; 2006. To my colleagues on the Rolf Institutes Life Sciences faculty, and particularly Robert Schleip, who continues to offer warm but firm critical feedback to these ideas and thus improve them.6 To Deane Juhan, whose comprehensive view of human function, so elegantly put forth in Jobs Body, has been an inspiration to me as to so many.7 To Michael Frenchman, my old friend, who demonstrated early faith in our ideas by putting in many hours realizing them in video form. Platzer W. Locomotor System.
9.36) (www.anatomytrains.com video ref: Deep Front Line, Part 2, 58:181:02:49).
Wilke Jan, Krause F, Vogt L, Banzer W. What is evidence-based about myofascial chains: a systematic review. Spatial medicine (or whatever it comes to be called) will formulate the new principles to make movement training coupled with hands-on work into a very powerful arm of healing and education.
(Some students and colleagues have attempted, for instance, to lay out a convincing Deep Back Line myofascial meridian according to these rules, but the author remains sceptical.) This is a type of vital capacity which can be used up over time with illness, continuing traumatic distress, inflammation, continued injury, and binge/purge dieting. They forced living cells to take on different shapes spherical or flattened, round or square by placing them on tiny adhesive islands composed of extra-cellular matrix. Fibularis brevis Fibularis longus A Fig. Different patterns of walking mix differing amounts of each of these three axial motions. B The backbend is the most complete stretch for the SFL, for those with the strength and flexibility to sustain it. 2nd ed.
Kneel behind the client and slip your hands around the ribs under the pectoralis minor to find the same slips referenced above. The gel elements allow for free perfusion to the cells and maintain a hydration level suitable to the tissues within.
Williams P. Grays Anatomy. 1.15),41 and others, many of whom make various claims to originality.42 All of these, in fact, are part of an unbroken chain of hands-on healers running back to Asklepios (Lat: Aesculapius) and his first hospitals in early Greece and back from there into the mists of pre-history.43,44 While the term myofascial has steadily gained currency over the last couple of decades, replacing muscle in some texts, minds, and brand names, it is still widely misunderstood. 13. Via the new tissue adaptability, change segmental relationships to gain increased support. A1.96 The integrins floating in the phospholipid membrane make Velcro-like connections between the cellular elements shown in Figure A1.95 and the extracellular elements of the ECM. The Lateral Ribs These abdominal obliques attach to the lower floating and abdominal ribs. Runs from the top of the toes up the front of the leg and up the torso to the top of the 355 356 Anatomy Trains Terms sternum, and passes along the side of the neck to the back of the skull. Evaluate and revise the strategy in the light of observed results and palpatory findings. 4.2 Superficial Front Line tracks and stations. Fascia We have referred to this body-wide complex throughout as the fascia, or the fascial net. 2.9). An inveterate traveler, Tom has practiced integrative manual therapy for over 40 years in a variety of clinical and cultural settings. Running yourself or your clients through this sequence is a marvelous self-help exercise that calms the mind and organizes the body through deep remembering of these primal and foundational movements (www.anatomytrains.com video ref: Functional Lines, 50:401:05:27). First, we must assess the nature of the shortness. A5.9 (A,B) The Functional Lines. Please note that we are looking at the anterior (deep) surface of the muscles, such that the scapula is, in this view, under the rhombo-serratus muscle (see Ch. The dual medial hamstrings, the semimembranosus and semitendinosus, are complemented by the single lateral hamstring, the biceps femoris (although the outer leg can also be seen as having two hamstrings see Ch. Do not dig into the rib cage, but rather bring the entire shoulder structure around the ribs. ( Ralph T. Hutchings. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press; 1988.
When we reach the ulnar styloid process on the outside of the wrist, we can continue on the ligamentous capsule of the wrist, specifically the ulnar collateral ligament, outside B Fig. The book you are holding is the authors attempt to make this shift of gears between the isolated muscle concept and the fascia system view without too much grinding. It ends in the ascending pectoral muscle and a broad fascial connection to the latissimus dorsi muscle in the axillary region, where the line started. In other words, increasing the pre-stress increases the capacity of the structure to accept load without deformation. Scale bars: 1mm. On the lateral side, we begin with the iliacus, widening up and laterally from the lesser trochanter to attach all along the upper portion of the iliac fossa (Fig. 8.7). Surg Radiol Anat. (Can you feel a strong tendon-like fascia going to the ASIS? On the lateral side of the artery (usually; it can vary which side of the artery affords easier access) you will find a slick and hard structure lying in front of the ball of the hip joint. The need to create sudden and strong flexion movements at the various joints requires that the muscular portion of the SFL contain a higher proportion of fast-twitch muscle fibers. A brief lesson in adjusting yourself to the chair and desk finding the comfortable seated posture, and using the spine as a whole in moving in a chair is a cheaper alternative which might divert a lifetime of bad habit, deoxygenated lack of focus and creeping pain. In this way the joints act like riverbanks, channeling force into these myofascial tissues. Another way of putting this is that the head is over the pelvis and the shoulders are over the heels. It is worth noting, however, that we have a possible third leg, or more properly tail on the DFL, which we will describe here before proceeding upward. Assessment and Stretches Assessing the LL from the front or back in standing posture is the quickest and easiest way to catalogue differences between the right and left LLs. (The need to counterbalance this pull on the other side can also lead to strain and pain in the opposite side of the neck or low back as well, especially for the unpracticed. When this occurs, an extra burden is shifted onto the SBL: in addition to supporting the back of the body in extension, it must now counteract the downward pull of the SFL. 85. Swimming Almost all fish swim with a side-to-side motion. Both show a slight anterior head posture, and both show an anterior shift of the pelvis over the feet, but these shifts on the right side are far more apparent than on the left. The fluid of the interstitium is rich with the flavors of hormones, neuropeptides, stress cytokines, and vesicles of bundled messenger RNA. That will ease this line and help restore the full excursion of the chest in breathing. In the trunk, the DFL is poised, along with the autonomic ganglia, between our neuromotor chassis and the more ancient organs of that support our 70 trillion cells within the ventral cavity. Have your client rotate his head into your resistance and you will feel the splenius contract on the same side he is turning toward, just under the superficial (and usually quite thin) trapezius muscle. During development, support cells guide the neurons to their final destination, provide nutrients to neurons, create protective barriers, secrete neuroprotective chemicals, and literally provide the glue and skeleton to hold the nervous system together. On the other hand, it does allow us to set a personal and inclusive 236 CHAPTER 1 1 236 BodyReading Structural Analysis context where the client is viewed not simply as a frozen shoulder or an ACL tear or a pair of flat feet. There is distinct muscle definition, but the connection along the lines is not lost or overcome. Common postural compensation patterns associated with the LL include: ankle pronation or supination, ankle dorsiflexion limitation, genu varus or valgus, adduction restriction/chronic abductor contraction, lumbar side-bend or lumbar compression (in bilateral LL contraction), side shifts or tilts of the rib cage on the pelvis, shortening of depth between sternum and sacrum, and shoulder restriction due to over-involvement with head stability, especially in head forward posture. The Functional Lines appear as spirals on the body, and always work in helical patterns.
7.41 (A) In the hand, the Deep Arm Lines correspond to the lateral and medial (Deep Front Line) lines of the foot, but the front and back lines are reversed. Lack of support, balance, and proper tonus in the DFL (as in the common pattern where short DFL myofascia does not allow the hip joint to open fully into extension) will produce overall shortening in the body and encourage collapse in the lumbo-pelvic core. 90 CHAPTER 5 90 The Lateral Line low back at the sacrolumbar junction. Our body distributes strain especially sustained long-term strain within itself in an attempt to equalize forces on the tissues. At any given level of the A primary thoraco-lumbar rotation to the right. Take Advantage of Plasticity Making the fascia longer (increasing glide and thus effective range-of-motion) depends on moving slowly or hanging out at or near the end range, where the fascia in the target area locks out, keeping the stretch going long enough for the stretch reflex to fade and the muscles relax. Some of the intermuscular septa the ones that run superficial to profound like the walls of the grapefruit sections join the outer to the inner bag into the single fascial balloon (compare the lower figure of A1.70 to the reality of Fig. Not so obvious is that the endomysium is connected through to the tendon as well. Pubic tubercle 8 The Shin Anterior inferior iliac spine 7 The fascial plane of the SFL passes up into the anterior compartment of the lower leg, but on its way it passes under the extensor retinaculum. * The rest of the spinal muscles listen to these suboccipitals and tend to organize by following their lead. The bodys fascia is omnidirectionally versatile and can resist other lines of strain besides the ones listed herein as created by odd or unusual movements, readily seen in any roughhousing child.
278 APPENDIX 1 278 A Fascial Reader As this and other genetic differences in fascia are understood, training programs will need to accommodate these differences, instead of one-size fits all. From the bio-mechanical side, Florence Kendall and her kin paved the way in understanding lumbopelvic relationships, leading to Jandas upper crossed syndrome.3,4 The somatoemotional point-of-view was first articulated by the awesome and difficult Wilhelm Reich, followed by the bioenergeticists and body-centered psychologists.57 On a physiological level, the somatotyping work of William Sheldon measuring ectomorphy, mesomorphy, and endomorphy sought to connect shape to specific physiologies and psychological tendencies.
Shleip R, Findley T, Chaitow L, etal. After five days, the zona has thinned and disappeared, and the morula expands into a blastosphere (Fig. Singapore: World Scientific Publishing; 1998. Working the tissue toward the knee, while the supine client slowly flexes and extends the knee can help the duck-footed or the uptight regain an adaptable balance. 10.44). This approaches the reaction time for a simple reflex arc like the knee-jerk response. Br J Sports Med. The next station of this line is at the medial side of the top of the knee joint, the adductor tubercle on the medial femoral epicondyle. 2.12 Many competing vectors of myofascial force proceed out in all directions from the roundhouse (B) of the anterior superior iliac spine (A). I and many other somanauts have observed these microvacuoles as we dissected tissue. 
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