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He sent me a long email and again verified for the umpteenth time that anything less than 6" is going to almost cut in half the airflow from your dust collector or cyclone. These hoods then also must move a large volume of air around the working areas of our tools. I cannot affordably get 4.5" diameter duct or ports, so next best was a 5" diameter port which is the size added to my saw. Airflow Requirements for good dust collection are a paradox. They also give the airspeed needed to keep these items entrained meaning airborne in our ducts. Even with a 4' tall crawlway under the floor installation was a pain. Economical Hangers are fabricated of 20 gauge galvanized steel, which is stronger than most competitors. The supplier I use is an industrial irrigation and plumbing supply firm and their product has an ID that is dead on at 6". Slip the male ducting end into the prior duct segment then use heavy aluminum tape to secure the joint. Make sure you only get fittings with smooth joints and tapers, as tight corners and blockages kill airflow and performance. You can follow the below information to make your own transition. Melamine works fine except for the normal concerns for rectangular ducting building up piles in the corners, plus some concern about flammability. It only takes about 50 feet per minute airspeed to overcome normal room air currents, but we have to provide that airspeed over such a large area that we need about three times more total airflow for good fine dust collection as we do for good "chip collection". The reason is sucked air comes from all directions at once, so airspeed falls off at roughly twelve times the distance squared. If you use standard hoods you should still convert over to 6" ports. The most common problem with duct piles is when they break loose they slam down the duct hard enough to blow apart our ducting joints and go right through separators then destroy blower impellers, bearings and filters. Looking at these fold lines from the circle inlet gives us the actual length of a base of right triangle whose height will be the length of the fitting. Amazon.com sells expensive good wire clamp that bridge over the ribs. Eventually you pack in the dust so tightly that the gate will not fully close, will jam, and can even split. The longest lasting and least expensive to install hanging system uses perforated rolls of galvanized sheet metal plumbers strapping. Wynn continues to have the best pricing on hose if you buy 25' lengths. I got a big surprise when my heavy blower collapsed the light HVAC pipe.

There are many different types of blast gates including many that can be opened automatically through electric motors, air pressure, and even hydraulics. All wye (Y type) takeoffs need narrow angles. Always check your motor with an amp meter to ensure your maximum airflows do not pull more amps than your motor can support. ✓ If your dust collector moves air quickly enough, use pipes with larger diameters to allow more air movement and less static pressure. There are three relatively straightforward approaches to getting a transition. We started using his table saw to cut 54 linear feet of " thick MDF. A typical dust collector or cyclone only moves air at about 40 miles an hour. The author shall not be responsible for any errors or omissions that may be present on these pages. I later learned during the medical air quality testing done on my shop that my so called filter was a sieve that freely passed most of the finest unhealthiest invisible dust. ✓ If turns are required make them gradual and mild so that dust can easily travel through pipes. I also tried putting the cyclone outside, but it was way too close to my wife's study/craft room and it quickly found itself back inside. I learned to start with the longest side and draw a line then follow the circle around as I turn the disc.". We can easily make long transitions that very effectively reduce pressure loss. These piles and plugs pose a serious hazard as any spark can quickly get blown into a ducting fire. They cost more but make tight joints that normally don't need anything more to hold them in place with a good seal. With the added overhead of our filter and minimum ducting, that pressure is only ample to move about 785 CFM when hooked up with 6" diameter duct. You are not alone in this sticker shock. That 1782 FPM is less than half of the 3800 FPM minimum we need to keep the dust from plugging in the vertical runs. The cost to use this material often exceeds the cost to use inexpensive metal ducts. Don't do like many and run a 6" or 8" main trunk line then come off with smaller duct or flex hose. Below is a drawing of a well designed small shop duct layout. In addition to this equipment providing poor dust collection, almost all existing small shop dust collection equipment provides terrible fine dust collection. Most HVAC shops will let you buy a short piece of this insulated duct inexpensively. Because air at dust collection pressures will barely compress at all, any undersized hose, duct, or port will restrict our flow. I have also heard many are pleased with the spiral pipe from: These firms are known for offering good quality spiral duct, elbows, fittings, and other sheet metal products for about 1/4 the cost of some of the "dust collection ducting" vendors. (Thanks Amer from Amer's Woodworking) Many of us end up with confusion and problems in trying to hook up our dust collection systems. I found a heavy paperclip and shop vacuum works wonders, but need to clean every few months. Because I included both a sink and small shower, I ran water and drains in dug trenches, plus another trench to bring in power. They also recommended mounting the cyclone on a wall with isolation dampers to keep the wall from being used as a sounding board. They found most older tool designs spray fine dust all over unless we upgrade the tool hoods, ports and internal ducting to protect, control, and deliver the fine dust for collection as it is made. The floor I built was put over those utilities on well-tamped ground covered in 4" of crushed rock then a vapor barrier. Bumping up to 6" pipe supports 785 CFM, but anything less than a 3 hp blower then lets the pressure and air speed fall enough that we get plugging in vertical runs. Most knowledgeable woodworkers who build their own systems use oversized blowers ample to support 6" ducts and 6" flex for down drops and either 7" or 8" ducts for horizontal mains..

Fine dust lasts nearly forever unless it gets wet. My question is I want to put my ducting buried under a concrete slab.

Instead, as McGiver would do, whip out your Swiss Army knife and duct tape. One common mistake is to use standard flex hose as most of this hose is poorly made with ribs sticking into the airflow adding up to nine times the resistance of smooth pipe. This also works well on my tapered PVC, but use super glue instead of solder to hold the wire in place. The makers of these tools don't understand the difference in the physics between sucking and blowing. It works well, is plenty strong, is easy to shape, and it costs 1/3 or less the cost of the other forms of pipe. John Koster reminded me that standard plumbing neoprene "no-hub" connectors provide a good less expensive locally available solution for those who need to connect dissimilar pipe materials. collector2 woodworkersjournal We are in an interesting time right now where the computer world is changing so fast that this leaves an opportunity for woodworkers.

Using insulated HVAC duct and my own homemade muffler it went down to 82 dB. The same is also true of flex hose that has a rough interior. Also, most "official" dust collection pipe uses proprietary connectors and sizes that often limit your expansion to working with just that firm. Where this dust comes from is simple. We open and close a valve to regulate how much water comes out of our faucets. Additionally spiral pipe ducting is a pain in the tail to change. The next most important aspect of building a good ducting system is which type of ducting material you will use and still ensure the level of safety in your shop. As a tool nut my ties get secured with a nice pistol type nylon tie gun that cinches up the ties and clips off the ends all nice and even. From the area formula A=r*r*Pi we know the area of our circles more formally known as the cross sectional area of a piece of duct. That worked pretty well. You really do have to ensure ample airflow in the ducts and use long smooth radius turns with this to keep them clear always. It almost made it, but his metal calipers got turned sideways at the second bend and jammed in so hard it locked in place. This will work but not nearly as well as a 5" and a 4". Do not use a dust collector as a vacuum because any steel screw or nail picked up hits the impeller and can put a spark in the collection bin.

They set minimum standards that those who install their systems must follow to ensure good fine dust collection. Unfortunately, most of the popular woodworking sites, dust collection vendors, and even dust collection books recommend large shop traditional graduated ducting designs that will not work safely with typical small shop dust collectors and cyclone systems. These "no-hub" connectors come sized to mate Cast Iron/PVC, Steel/PVC, and PVC/PVC. Ronald Scalise shared an easier jig technique he learned from a friend to quickly layout a transition for metalworking. I personally made my own shell out of a large plastic wash tub that only cost a few dollars. Note this system uses a 3+ hp blower needed to support an 8" diameter main with only 6" down drops. The drawings, procedures and words shared on these pages are as in use by the author and shared for information only. My expensive new commercial blast gates won't fit my PVC duct.

The extension also increases the hood face velocity by minimizing the open face area. Also, with permission below shares some of the vendor recommended hood and collection designs for most major tools. The other part of your question is what is the impact on airflow when using a 4" drop attached to a 6" line? Just like your blower design; sandwiching sheet metal in a groove between two plates of melamine? There used to be excellent magnetic attachments that did this but that firm is no longer in production so I recommend that you make your own coverings out of either metal or thick plastic. Commercial woodshops are generally governed by a complex set of worker safety regulations, such as those mandated by OSHA. Each machine needs the dust collection to protect, control and deliver good fine dust collection. I use a roller to flatten all the male ends and a crimper to convert the female ends to male. When it is all said and done, most end up going to an irrigation supplier and buying S&D PVC pipe for their dust collectors. Anyhow to avoid that whole mess, I strongly recommend overhead ducting. Dust collection hoods and pick ups are one of the least explored areas in small shop dust collection, yet one of the most important. Without doing any woodworking at all, our just moving around in his very clean looking shop stirred up enough of the fine invisible dust that his shop failed the EPA, medical and European air quality standards. In the interim the price of oil has gone up so much PVC pipe costs more than HVAC pipe or even good spiral pipe. You have a lot of nerve! The retail price per meter is abot $24 which is cheaper than having to buy metal reducers and flexible hose. Alternatively, what I've been doing lately is measuring both the size and perimeter of the outlet then making a run to my local orange box store (Home Deport or Lowe's for me). So although many use flat HVAC connections it is far better to use actual dust collection ports that have a really nice curved inlet. I connected each end with alligator clips to another strip of the aluminum tape adhered to the concrete floor. Light 24 Gauge 45 Degree Elbow (die-stamped galvanized stitch welded) perfect for a small hobby shop with a max 3 HP dust collector. I see your shop is as messy as mine and see quite a bit of big pieces of PVC in the back. The result in terms of efficiency is not too bad for each joint, but unless you are careful the total can add up to terrible performance. I also tried spray coating the cyclone outside, but that did not seem to help any more than just spraying the inside. Even buying locally poses some challenges.

I made quite a few of my own both in sheet metal and in PVC. It moved less air than my dust collector, just about half of what the vendor claimed in the advertising. They create a floor that is nothing short of incredible for woodworking. When I bought a set of air gauges and did some testing, I realized that my trashcan separator was not good news at all. Dr. Rod Cole on Grounding PVC (Click here). Manufactured in lighter gauges of galvanized metal and being spot welded considerably cuts the cost. These practical suggestions can help you to first address the inefficiencies before having to pay for expensive motors, bigger blowers, and more electricity. The sides I leave straight and use aluminum tape to hold to the metal sides of the blower.

The more fold lines, the smoother your circle. When he hooked up his dust collector there was not enough airflow. For this reason, most agree that dust collection bins should be metal. Unfortunately, many wrongly think that they can easily use HVAC ducting for their dust collection systems. Based on that bad assumption, I used tapered adapters going right to my machines that connected to their built in 4" ports. A couple of my machines are European and use a dust port that won't fit anything. Although many vendors would like us to believe good fine dust collection is all brand new and about as complicated as rocket science, the reality is we have decades of air engineering experience that show just what we need in terms of our hoods and airflow. My problem with 4" diameter duct is most don't understand the impact that ducting size has on our total air volume and air speed. My own galvanized steel cyclone measured 92 dB. Decades of experience show we need at least 3800 FPM air speed to provide initial chip and sawdust pick up and at least this same 3800 FPM air speed to keep our vertical runs from plugging. (If you use a thick kerf blade only make two cuts!) Air engineers design dust collection systems to have 3000 feet per minute (FPM) airspeed to keep all entrained (moving) horizontally and about 4000 FPM to move it vertically. You have to have a couple of heat guns to get a large enough area hot at once, but the result is nothing short of amazing. After all ducting is up with the connections sealed, I then cinch up the cable ties to pull the ducting to my ceiling or spacer. There are lots of ways to mount your ducting to the ceiling or wall. I'm having a serious case of sticker shock after trying to follow your advice and only use 6" ducting and 6" flex hose! With just one ducting run at a time open, we need much simpler ducting designs than the commonly recommended graduated ducting designs that collect from all tools working at the same time. Most home insurance inspectors, building inspectors and fire marshals will fail almost all small shop dust collection solutions due to serious safety concerns. The difference is almost all large commercial facilities vent their dust collection systems outside, so they rarely build up the fine invisible fugitive dust that escapes collection. For those who have a shop that sits on a heavy subfloor, it can be very convenient to run your ducting under the floor. Each of these hoods does a good job catching the fast moving heavier sawdust and chips, plus mechanically blocks the fast moving air streams. HVAC air blows in the opposite direction as it does during dust collection, so every joint is backward. They provide undersized insufficient horsepower blowers, improperly sized ducting with poorly designed and made fittings, blast gates, and tool hoods. They maintain plants on both the east and west coasts for faster less expensive shipping. Start by drawing with a horizontal line that is the length of the longest side of the fitting rectangle. in stock. Find the center of both the disc and rectangle then drill a hole through each and connect them using a dowel. Assuming that I'm careful with building smooth and tight joints, would melamine provide as high flow efficiency as PVC or metal? Most agree that not gluing PVC is by far the preferred way to go, as you may change your mind on your shop arrangement, and you will for sure eventually catch something that clogs requiring you to take one or more joints apart. At dust collection pressures air is more like water and will barely compress at all so any restriction or smaller duct acts like a water valve and kills our flow.

One person is only allowed to blow and the other to only suck. To hang you can mount to the ceiling, use a tape measure to get a consistent distance and equal length loop and then bolt that tape around your duct. He shared his way to eliminate those nasty static shocks, "Our product was plastic and our conveying systems both air and mechanical were plastic. There are many who are interested in having automated blast gates that open when you turn your machine on and close when you turn your machine off. Yitah R. Wu says: Some have had problems with this technique.

The top magazine rated cyclone vendor designed and supplied the ducting for their cyclone I installed in my shop. Because air is compressible to double the amount of air you move measured in cubic feet per minute (CFM) you must double the fan speed or double the surface area of the fan. One 5" hose connected to the saw cabinet and I had to add a hood with a 4" duct. Fine dust particles are so small they are invisible without magnification. I ended up having to reconnect them to my yard drains instead. Where did you get good 4, 5, and 6" flex hose? The simple answer to your question is with time instead of money being a driving force in my world, I would install high end laser welded duct with the built in seals and snap lock fittings.

Be careful when handling this aluminum tape as it is very sharp! This keeps it from sticking prematurely. The reason I only use that type of pipe is that it also takes care of the problem of mating with standard HVAC ducts and transitions. Many choose to use the inexpensive sheet metal HVAC wyes found in home centers, but these have far more resistance and potential to cause plugging than what is appropriate for dust collection. Light 24 Gauge End Cap perfect for a small hobby shop with a max 3 HP dust collector. One system I tested had so many leaks from installing the gates backward that he had less than half the total airflow that we got after reversing the gates so they sealed well. If your shop is going to be subject to a building inspection, fire marshal inspection or insurance inspection, then you need to use all steel ducting. A far better way to go is to make a nice smooth pour as shown in the picture. It is real simple. The record cost I found was a heavy multiple layer rubber 6" flex hose that sold for $26 a linear foot, minimum 10'. Shipping ducting is tough because it is so bulky it gets shipped with heavier items. If you want to make it easy on yourself and still get a workable number, just pretend that there is no wye and calculate static pressure based on having a single length of flex hose the same diameter as the down drop with a length the same as the longest leg after the wye. Into my trench went the ducting, compressed air, and power. Carefully in order add the lines that go to that corner joining the first two to make a triangle. Also, if that pipe fills too much, opening the gate will cause all that material in the down drop to slam into the impeller potentially ruining motor bearings and even breaking impellers. Nordfab Quick-Fit wood dust duct connects to various machinery and separators for dust and other waste. Unless our hoods block the fast moving airflows, we lose and are going to have sawdust and chips all over. PVC pipe is an excellent insulator that will build up a static charge, particularly in a dry cold climate. All it takes is a heavy box to slide into or get stacked on top of our ducting and fittings to ruin them. This resistance kills airflow, so when you use flex hose, always use minimum lengths and only use flex hose with smooth interior walls to get the best possible airflow from your blower.

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